PENGARUH VARIASI HEAT INPUT SHIELD METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW) TERHADAP STRUKTUR MIKRO DAN SIFAT MEKANIK BAJA SS400
The Effect Of Heat Input Variations In Shield Metal Arc Welding (Smaw) On The Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of SS400 Steel
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46964/mjibtm.v19i1.1833Keywords:
Heat Input, SMAW, SS400, Microstructure, Vickers Hardness, Tensile Strength, Ferrite, Pearlite.Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh variasi input panas dalam proses pengelasan Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) terhadap mikrostruktur dan sifat mekanik baja karbon rendah SS400. Input panas yang digunakan adalah 1,24 Kj/mm, 1,84 Kj/mm, dan 2,2 Kj/mm. Pengelasan dilakukan menggunakan elektroda E7018 pada posisi 1G dengan V-bevel 60°. Pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi pengujian mikrostruktur, kekerasan Vickers, dan pengujian tarik. Hasil pengujian kekerasan menunjukkan bahwa nilai tertinggi di daerah las terjadi pada input panas 1,84 Kj/mm yaitu 176,24 HV, sementara di daerah HAZ dan logam dasar nilai tertinggi terjadi pada input panas 1,24 Kj/mm, masing-masing sebesar 157,75 HV dan 144,12 HV. Pengujian tarik menunjukkan kekuatan maksimum pada input panas 1,24 Kj/mm sebesar 466,11 MPa, dan minimum pada 2,2 Kj/mm sebesar 418,71 MPa. Mikrostruktur menunjukkan sebaran ferit tertinggi di zona las dan HAZ pada input panas 1,84 Kj/mm, masing-masing sebesar 66,375% dan 57,927%. Di logam dasar, ferit tertinggi. Distribusi ditemukan pada masukan panas sebesar 2,2 kJ/mm, pada 68,968%. Variasi dalam masukan panas memengaruhi kekerasan, kekuatan tarik, dan morfologi mikrostruktur dari las
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[8] J. Awali, F. Rudiyanto, S. Thesalonicha, M. P. D. Lubis, R. A. Tanjung, and Y. Triana, “Analisis Variasi Arus Pengelasan Kombinasi SMAW-FCAW dengan Kampuh Double V-Groove terhadap Kekerasan dan Struktur Mikro Dissimilar Material JIS G3101-SS400 dan ASTM A36,” J. Rekayasa Mesin, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 421–432, Sep. 2021, doi: 10.21776/UB.JRM.2021.012.02.19.
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[15] H. L. Li, D. Liu, Y. T. Yan, N. Guo, Y. B. Liu, and J. C. Feng, “Effects of heat input on arc stability and weld quality in underwater wet flux-cored arc welding of E40 steel,” J. Manuf. Process., vol. 31, pp. 833–843, Jan. 2018, doi: 10.1016/J.JMAPRO.2018.01.013.
[16] S. Syukran, A. Syahri, A. S. Ismy, A. F. Al Fathier, F. Fadhlurrahman, and A. Amrizal, “The Effect of Heat Input on the Tensile Strength and Toughness of welded SS400 Materials by SMAW,” J. Weld. Technol., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 21–25, Aug. 2023, doi: 10.30811/JOWT.V5I1.3508.
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[20] N. Muhayat, Y. A. Matien, H. Sukanto, Y. C. N. Saputro, and Triyono, “Fatigue life of underwater wet welded low carbon steel SS400,” Heliyon, vol. 6, no. 2, p. e03366, Feb. 2020, doi: 10.1016/J.HELIYON.2020.E03366.
[21] X. Ye et al., “Rapidly acquiring monocrystalline joint of single crystal superalloys via a composition-matched filler material under quasi-equilibrium solidification,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, vol. 968, p. 150400, Aug. 2026, doi: 10.1016/J.MSEA.2026.150400.
[22] J. Wang et al., “The effect of double-sided differential speed friction stir welding on the mechanical properties of welded joints,” Mater. Charact., vol. 237, Jul. 2026, doi: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116456.
[23] Hanan Setia Abadi and S. Subagiyo, “Pengaruh Variasi Sudut Kampuh dan Kuat Arus Pengelasan Hasil Las SMAW Baja SS400 untuk Bahan Bejana Tekan terhadap Kekuatan Tarik dan Kekerasan,” Venus J. Publ. Rumpun Ilmu Tek., vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 171–185, Oct. 2024, doi: 10.61132/venus.v2i5.588.
[24] I. F. Romadhon, “STUDI Pengaruh Arus Pengelasan Smaw Terhadap Kekuatan Tarik Dan Cacat Pengelasan Pada Baja St 42,” 2021.
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