PERBANDINGAN KINERJA ALIRAN BERLAWANAN DAN SEARAH PADA HEAT EXCHANGER SHELL AND TUBE TYPE SKALA LABORATORIUM
Comparison Of Countercurrent And Uni-Direction Flow Performance In A Laboratory-Scale Shell And Tube Type Heat Exchanger
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46964/mjibtm.v19i1.1834Keywords:
Heat Exchanger, Shell And Tube, Aliran Berlawanan, Aliran Searah, Perpindahan PanasAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kinerja pola aliran searah (parallel flow) dan berlawanan (counter flow) pada heat exchanger tipe shell and tube skala laboratorium. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan memanfaatkan air sebagai fluida panas maupun fluida dingin. Variabel utama yang diamati meliputi temperatur masuk dan keluar fluida panas serta fluida dingin, waktu operasi, serta efektivitas perpindahan panas yang dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi aliran berlawanan menghasilkan kinerja perpindahan panas lebih baik dibandingkan dengan aliran searah. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh temperatur keluar fluida panas yang lebih rendah (68,9°C dibandingkan 70,7°C) dan temperatur keluar fluida dingin yang lebih tinggi (44,1°C dibandingkan 41,9°C). Meskipun waktu perpindahan panas pada aliran berlawanan lebih lama (5,61 menit) dibandingkan searah (4,55 menit), efektivitas perpindahan panas pada konfigurasi aliran berlawanan tetap lebih tinggi. Dengan demikian, pola aliran berlawanan direkomendasikan sebagai konfigurasi yang lebih efisien dalam meningkatkan performa heat exchanger tipe shell and tube, baik sebagai media pembelajaran maupun untuk aplikasi industri skala kecil.
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[3] A. Shalsa, B. Wardhani, A. T. Labumay, and E. Ningsih, “Influence of Fluid Inflow Rate on Performance Effectiveness of Shell and Tube Type Heat Exchanger,” J. Mech. Eng. Sci. Innov., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 9–15, May 2022, doi: 10.31284/J.JMESI.2022.V2I1.2993.
[4] F. Achmad et al., “Efek laju alir dan arah aliran terhadap analisis performa alat penukar panas tipe shell and tube heat exchanger menggunakan SCADA,” J. Rekayasa Proses, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 148–157, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.22146/JREKPROS.77376.
[5] F. C. Magazoni, L. Cabezas-Gómez, P. F. Alvariño, and J. M. Sáiz-Jabardo, “Closed form relationships of temperature effectiveness of cross-flow heat exchangers,” Therm. Sci. Eng. Prog., vol. 9, pp. 110–120, Mar. 2019, doi: 10.1016/J.TSEP.2018.11.005.
[6] H. Küçük, M. S. Yılmaz, and M. Ünverdi, “An experimental comparative assessment of the effects of Minichannel and flow arrangements in a shell and tube heat exchanger,” Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 168, p. 109520, Nov. 2025, doi: 10.1016/J.ICHEATMASSTRANSFER.2025.109520.
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[8] F. C. Magazoni, L. Cabezas-Gómez, P. F. Alvariño, and J. M. Saiz-Jabardo, “Thermal performance of one-pass shell-and-tube heat exchangers in counter-flow,” Brazilian J. Chem. Eng., vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 869–883, 2019, doi: 10.1590/0104-6632.20190362S20180424.
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[10] J. Chen, P. Zhao, Q. Wang, and M. Zeng, “Experimental Investigation of Shell-Side Performance and Optimal Design of Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger with Different Flower Baffles,” Heat Transf. Eng., vol. 42, no. 7, pp. 613–626, 2021, doi: 10.1080/01457632.2020.1716485.
[11] A. R. Al-darraji, S. A. Marzouk, A. Aljabr, F. A. Almehmadi, S. Alqaed, and A. Kaood, “Enhancement of heat transfer in a vertical shell and tube heat exchanger using air injection and new baffles: Experimental and numerical approach,” Appl. Therm. Eng., vol. 236, p. 121493, Jan. 2024, doi: 10.1016/J.APPLTHERMALENG.2023.121493.
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[13] S. Han, X. Li, Z. Liu, B. Zhang, C. He, and Q. Chen, “Thermal-economic optimization design of shell and tube heat exchanger using an improved sparrow search algorithm,” Therm. Sci. Eng. Prog., vol. 45, p. 102085, Oct. 2023, doi: 10.1016/J.TSEP.2023.102085.
[14] S. Sanaye and H. Hajabdollahi, “Multi-objective optimization of shell and tube heat exchangers,” Appl. Therm. Eng., vol. 30, no. 14–15, pp. 1937–1945, Oct. 2010, doi: 10.1016/J.APPLTHERMALENG.2010.04.018.
[15] C. Yu, T. Cheng, J. Chen, Z. Ren, and M. Zeng, “Investigation on thermal-hydraulic performance of parallel-flow shell and tube heat exchanger with a new type of anti-vibration baffle and wire coil using RSM method,” Int. J. Therm. Sci., vol. 138, pp. 351–366, Apr. 2019, doi: 10.1016/J.IJTHERMALSCI.2018.12.035.
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[17] S. Kallannavar, S. Mashyal, and M. Rajangale, “Effect of tube layout on the performance of shell and tube heat exchangers,” Mater. Today Proc., vol. 27, pp. 263–267, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1016/J.MATPR.2019.10.151.
[18] H. Li and V. Kottke, “Analysis of local shellside heat and mass transfer in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with disc-and-doughnut baffles,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 42, no. 18, pp. 3509–3521, Sep. 1999, doi: 10.1016/S0017-9310(98)00368-8.
[19] A. Al Afgani, C. Zaidar, W. Saputra Sigalingging, Sukarman, K. Khoirudin, and A. Abdulah, “Evaluating the Thermal Performance of Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers: The Role of Flow Rate in Water-Based Systems,” J. Tek. Mesin Mech. Xplore, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 38–49, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.36805/JTMMX.V5I1.6129.
[20] B. Masoumpour, M. Ataeizadeh, H. Hajabdollahi, and M. Shafiey Dehaj, “Performance evaluation of a shell and tube heat exchanger with recovery of mass flow rate,” J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., vol. 123, pp. 153–165, Jun. 2021, doi: 10.1016/J.JTICE.2021.05.022.
[21] H. Küçük, M. S. Yılmaz, and M. Ünverdi, “An experimental comparative assessment of the effects of Minichannel and flow arrangements in a shell and tube heat exchanger,” Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 168, p. 109520, Nov. 2025, doi: 10.1016/J.ICHEATMASSTRANSFER.2025.109520.
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