PENGARUH WAKTU REAKSI PADA PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DENGAN KOMPOSISI MINYAK JARAK DAN JELANTAH MENGGUNAKAN GELOMBANG ULTRASONIK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46964/jimsi.v6i2.1323Abstract
Minyak Jarak dan minyak jelantah memiliki potensi yang besar untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif bahan bakar biodiesel. Hal ini disebabkan, karena kedua bahan baku tersebut memiliki kandungan trigliserida yang dapat dikonversi menjadi biodiesel dengan proses transterifikasi.Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis bahan baku minyak jelantah dan minyak jarak pada pembuatan biodiesel terhadap karakteristik biodiesel yang mengacu kepada standar baku mutu SNI 7182:2015 tentang biodiesel. Proses pembuatan biodiesel dilakukan dengan metode transesterifikasi. Metode transesterifikasi dipilih karena kedua bahan baku memiliki kadar asam lemak bebas dibawah 2%. Pembuatan biodiesel dengan rasio mol minyak dan metanol 1:8 serta KOH 1% terhadap massa minyak. Proses reaksi trasesterifikasi dengan gelombang ultrasonik pada variasi waktu (10, 15, 20, 25 dan 30 menit). Biodiesel yang dihasilkan dipanaskan pada suhu selama 60 menit. Proses transesterifikasi dengan bantuan gelombang ultrasonik dapat mempercepat laju reaksi transesterifikasi dan meningkatkan hasil yield . Hasil terbaik penelitian ini bahan baku minyak jarak pada variasi waktu 30 menit dengan yield 90% , viskositas kinematik sebesar 5,59 cSt, densitas ) sebesar 889,25 kg/ , angka asam 0,673 mgKOH/g, kadar air 0,0088%, dan kandungan metil ester 89,65%. Namun metil ester dari produk biodiesel tersebut belum memenuhi baku mutu standar biodiesel.
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