The Effect of Zinc Chloride (ZnCl₂) Activator Concentration on the Production of Activated Carbon from Oil Palm Shell (Elaeis Guineensis) Using the Pyrolysis Method
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Abstract
Cangkang kelapa sawit adalah bagian produk samping atau limbah yang dihasilkan dalam proses pengolahan tandan buah segar (TBS) yang mengandung beberapa senyawa seperti lignin,selulosa dan hemiselulosa. Cangkang kelapa sawit seringkali dihasilkan dalam jumlah yang cukup besar sebagai hasil samping dari industri kelapa sawit dan biasanya digunakan untuk bahan bakar boiler sebagai alternatif penggunaan batubara. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variasi konsentrasi seng klorida (ZnCl₂) sebagai aktivator terhadap karakteristik karbon aktif hasil pirolisis cangkang kelapa sawit berdasarkan parameter mutu dalam SNI 06-3730-1995. Karbon aktif dari cangkang kelapa sawit di peroleh dengan proses pirolisis oksidasi parsial selama 1,5 jam dengan temperatur pirolisis 350°C dan diaktivasi dengan larutan ZnCl2, kemudian aktivasi fisika pada temperatur 750°C selama 3 jam. Penentuan kualitas karbon aktif dilakukan dengan variasi konsentrasi aktivator ZnCl2 yaitu 5%,10%,15%,20% dan 25% dengan waktu perendaman selama 24 jam pada masing masing larutan sebanyak 25ml dan massa karbon aktif sebesar 10g. Di peroleh hasil terbaik pada konsentrasi 20% yaitu menghasilkan nilai kadar air 2,84%, kadar abu 7,98%, kadar zat menguap 11,36%, fixed carbon 77,83% dan daya serap iod sebesar 801,653mg/g.
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