PENGARUH JENIS DAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI FIKSASI TERHADAP KUALITAS WARNA BATIK PEWARNA ALAMI DAUN PETAI CINA
Abstract
Penggunaan pewarna alami kini mulai banyak diminati untuk berbagai industri pembatikan. Hal ini mengingat penggunaan zat warna alami dipandang lebih murah karena bahan baku banyak diperoleh di Indonesia dan tidak memiliki efek samping yang membahayakan kesehatan manusia. Salah satu tanaman yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pewarna alami dan banyak ditemukan di Indonesia adalah daun petai cina (Laucaena leucocephala) yang mengandung zat aktif yang berupa alkaloid, saponin, flavonoida, dan tanin sebagai zat penimbul warna. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis dan konsentrasi zat fiksasi terhadap hasil pewarnaan yang ditinjau dari ketahanan luntur warna terhadap pencucian sabun dan gosokan secara basah. Metode penelitian ini eksperimen dengan melakukan perlakuan pada variasi jenis zat fiksasi yakni tawas dan tunjung, serta variasi konsentrasi zat fiksasi pada 50 gram, 75 gram dan 100 gram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun petai cina dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai zat warna alami. Hasil uji ketahanan luntur dan penodaan warna menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan zat fiksasi tawas menghasilkan nilai ketahanan luntur yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan zat fiksasi tunjung sedangkan pada konsentrasi zat fiksasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap ketahanan luntur warna karena konsentrasi zat fiksasi yang dibutuhkan sudah optimal. Hasil uji beda warna L*,a*,b* zat fiksasi tawas menghasilkan warna yang lebih terang dibandingkan dengan zat fiksasi tunjung dan identifikasi kode warna serta cahaya warna melalui encycolorpedia, arah warna yang dihasilkan dari ekstrak daun petai cina variasi fiksasi tawas dan tunjung semuanya menghasilkan arah warna orange.
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